Five years after overthrowing the elected government in February 2021, General Min Aung Hlaing has assumed the presidency of Myanmar. Although he formally stepped down as commander of the armed forces, as required by the constitution, the transition marks civilian rule in name only.
The newly-elected parliament, dominated by military loyalists and the USDP party, produced a predictable outcome. With one quarter of seats reserved for the military and the rest largely secured by his allies, Min Aung Hlaing’s rise was more of a coronation than a competitive election. His close associate, General Ye Win Oo, now leads the armed forces, while a new consultative council ensures his continued influence over both civilian and military affairs.
For activists like Kyaw Win – a student arrested and tortured for protesting the coup – hope for change is fading. Despite his commitment to the revolution, many like him are considering leaving the country.
The five years since the coup have been devastating for Myanmar. Widespread protests met with lethal force triggered a civil war, displacing millions, killing thousands, and crippling the economy. Large areas fell under armed resistance, prompting the military to conduct airstrikes on opposition-controlled villages, destroying schools, hospitals, and homes.
As he presided over the annual military parade in Nay Pyi Taw, Min Aung Hlaing offered no acknowledgment of the damage caused. He defended the military’s role in politics and labeled opposition forces as “armed terrorist factions” backed by foreign powers. Analysts warn that the conflict is unlikely to ease, with Ye Win Oo expected to continue aggressive campaigns to regain lost territory.
The National Unity Government, representing the deposed administration, rejects the election as illegitimate and vows to continue fighting for a federal constitution free of military influence.
The coup has also worsened economic hardship. Over 16 million people now require aid, nearly four million are displaced, and inflation has eroded living standards. Fuel shortages have further strained households and businesses, with prices surging as imports are restricted.
Amid the stalemate, veteran activist Mya Aye advocates compromise, calling for dialogue and the release of political prisoners. He believes that a potential release of the jailed democracy leader could help bridge divides and prevent the country from collapsing further.
