The 10th Nigerian Senate, under the leadership of Senate President Godswill Akpabio, faced a transformative and turbulent year in 2024. The events that unfolded not only influenced legislative policies but also exposed internal dynamics and strained relations with the executive branch. Below are six significant events that defined the year for the Senate.
1. Tax Reform Bills: Regional Divides Emerge
In October 2024, President Bola Tinubu proposed tax reform bills aimed at overhauling Nigeria’s tax system to increase revenue. The most controversial aspect was the reallocation of Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue, favoring states with higher VAT generation over population-based allocation.
This proposal sparked fierce opposition from northern lawmakers, who argued it disproportionately benefited economically stronger southern states. The ensuing debate exposed deep regional divides and led to the suspension of legislative action on the bills to allow further consultation.
2. Budget Padding Allegations by Abdul Ningi
Allegations of budget padding rocked the Senate when Senator Abdul Ningi accused the chamber of inflating the 2024 budget by adding untraceable projects worth ₦3.7 trillion. Ningi’s bold claims, made publicly during a BBC Hausa Service interview, led to his suspension.
The incident drew widespread public scrutiny, with civil society groups questioning the Senate’s commitment to transparency. While some senators supported Ningi’s push for accountability, others saw his actions as damaging to the Senate’s reputation. The controversy amplified calls for reforms to enhance legislative transparency.
3. Reinstatement of the Old National Anthem
In May 2024, the Senate passed a bill reinstating Nigeria’s original national anthem, “Nigeria, We Hail Thee”, replacing “Arise, O Compatriots” used since 1978.
The move triggered public criticism, with many questioning the Senate’s priorities amid pressing national issues. Analysts viewed the swift passage as indicative of the Senate’s perceived rubber-stamp approach to the executive’s agenda, raising concerns about its independence.
4. Anti-Open Grazing Bill: A House Divided
The Anti-Open Grazing Bill, which passed its second reading in June 2024, highlighted stark regional divisions within the Senate. The bill proposed the establishment of a National Animal Husbandry and Ranches Commission to modernize livestock management and curb conflicts between farmers and herders.
Northern senators opposed the bill, citing potential infringements on traditional herding practices, while southern and middle-belt lawmakers supported it as a solution to longstanding farmer-herder clashes. The contentious debates underscored deep-seated regional interests that continue to influence legislative proceedings.
5. The Death of Senator Ifeanyi Ubah
The sudden death of Senator Ifeanyi Ubah on July 27, 2024, left the Senate and the nation in mourning. Representing Anambra South, Ubah was a prominent businessman and legislator known for his contributions to national development.
His passing prompted a valedictory session led by Senate President Akpabio and necessitated a by-election to fill his seat. Ubah’s death highlighted the human element of legislative service and its impact on governance.
6. Ali Ndume’s Removal as Chief Whip
The removal of Senator Ali Ndume as Senate Chief Whip in July 2024 was a watershed moment that exposed tensions between the legislature and the executive. Ndume was ousted after criticizing President Tinubu’s administration, labeling it a “kakistocracy” and questioning the president’s accessibility to ministers.
The All Progressives Congress (APC) National Working Committee orchestrated Ndume’s removal, which critics viewed as an attempt to suppress dissent within the ruling party. Ndume’s replacement by Senator Tahir Monguno further fueled debates about the Senate’s independence and its ability to balance loyalty to the executive with its legislative mandate.
Conclusion
From contentious tax reforms to leadership controversies, the 10th Nigerian Senate in 2024 was defined by events that tested its autonomy, unity, and public trust. As the legislative body navigates these challenges, its ability to address internal and national concerns will remain critical to its role in shaping Nigeria’s future.
